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The Abel Erasmus Pass is one of South Africa’s most scenic and historically significant mountain passes. Nestled in the Drakensberg Escarpment, the pass connects the towns of Ohrigstad and Hoedspruit, offering breathtaking vistas and a rewarding journey through a tapestry of rich cultural heritage.

In this blog we’ll explore the pass’s history, geographical significance, and what travellers can expect when traversing this majestic route.

THE HISTORY BEHIND THE PASS:  

The Abel Erasmus Pass takes its name from Abel Jacobus Erasmus (1845-1912), a prominent and respected figure in South African history. Known for his leadership and integrity, Erasmus served as a member of the Volksraad, the parliament of the former Transvaal Republic. His legacy, however, transcends politics as He is celebrated today for his efforts in maintaining peace and fostering positive relationships between the Boers and the local indigenous tribes. His diplomacy and commitment to harmony helped bridge cultural divides, leaving a lasting impact on the region’s history .

Abel Jacobus Erasmus: A Pillar of the Lowveld (1845 – 1877)

Abel Jacobus Erasmus was born in 1845 in Weenen, Natal. Shortly after his birth, his father passed away, prompting his mother to join the Great Trek under Hendrick Potgieter, eventually settling in Ohrigstad. Abel spent much of his early life working on the family farm, honing his skills as a hunter and farmer. By the time he married at the young age of 19, he had already established himself as a proficient hunter and capable farmer.

After their marriage, Abel and his wife moved to Krugerpost, where his exceptional hunting skills quickly earned him the respect of the local community. He acquired property in the Graskop area, which turned out to be rich in gold. President Burgers of the Transvaal Republic purchased the land from him, recognizing its value.

In 1876, Abel was elected to the Lydenburg council and appointed field cornet during a period of tense confrontations with the Pedi, led by the formidable Sekhukhune. Although a peace agreement was eventually reached, these events culminated in the British annexation of the Transvaal in 1877. Following the annexation, both Sekhukhune and Erasmus were arrested by the British administration, based on accusations from Sekhukhune. They were both eventually released.

1881 and Beyond

After the successful outcome of the First Anglo-Boer War, Abel Erasmus was appointed Native Commissioner by the new Transvaal government. In this role, he served as a crucial intermediary between the government and the local populations. His duties often included assisting expeditions, such as the one that marked the borders between the South African Republic, Portuguese East Africa, and Swaziland.

Erasmus was highly respected among the local groups in the Lowveld. Known for his firm but fair approach, he adeptly managed hostilities and maintained peace. His prowess as a hunter earned him the nickname “Dubula Duze,” meaning “he who shoots from close up,” a testament to his skill in taking down game from short distances.

Abel Erasmus remains a significant figure in the early history of the Lowveld, remembered for his role as a vital link between the Boer government, the British, and the local African communities. His contributions to the region’s development and his efforts in fostering peaceful relations have left an enduring legacy.

The construction of the pass itself was part of a larger initiative to improve infrastructure and facilitate trade and movement within the region. During the gold rush era, routes like the Abel Erasmus Pass were vital in connecting the interior goldfields with the coastal ports. The pass allowed for the transportation of goods and people, significantly contributing to the economic development of the area.

    GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES:  

    Modernised construction began in the 1950s and was completed in the 1960s to improve access between the towns of Tzaneen and Lydenburg (now Mashishing), facilitating the transportation of goods / products (mostly agricultural and mining related in nature) through the Drakensberg Escarpment.

    The pass spans approximately 30 kilometers, winding through the rugged terrain of the Drakensberg Escarpment. The elevation reaches up to 1,200 meters, offering spectacular views of the Blyde River Canyon, one of the largest canyons in the world. The pass also provides a gateway to the Kruger National Park, making it a popular route for tourists heading to this famous wildlife reserve.

    Travelers on the pass can witness diverse flora and fauna, including indigenous plant species and wildlife such as antelope, baboons, and various bird species. The geological formations visible from the pass are equally impressive, showcasing the dramatic cliffs and deep gorges that characterize the Drakensberg region.

       TRAVEL TIPS AND HIGHLIGHTS: 

      Best Time to Visit: The Pass can basically be enjoyed all year-round, and there are two schools of thought here. For me personally though, I love the area post the major rains which happens between the months, November to March. The hills come alive and are lush, and with water levels replenished, the waterfalls are often in full splendour.

      Popular perception however, is that the best time to experience the pass and its surrounds is in the dryer months (May to September) when the weather is cooler and more stable. Golden hues dominate as the bushveld beckons. 

      Scenic Stops: There are several lookout points along the pass where travellers can stop and take in the panoramic views. The J.G. Strijdom Tunnel, an iconic landmark, is a must-see.

      Named after former South African Prime Minister Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom, it was inaugurated on May 8, 1959, along with the nearby pass and is a remarkable engineering feat that spans 133 meters.

      A popular stop for tourists traveling through, the roadside is bustling with vendors and artisans selling souvenirs to visitors who’ve come to admire the tunnel, the Kadishi Tufa Waterfall, or to capture photographs of the Olifants River below. *Don’t forget to honk your horn!

      Wildlife and Nature: Keep an eye out for wildlife and enjoy the rich biodiversity of the area! The pass cuts through the Blyde River Canyon Nature Reserve (also known as the Matlatse Canyon Provincial Nature Reserve), providing ample opportunities for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers.

      Safety Tips: The road can be challenging due to its winding nature and steep inclines. It’s advisable to drive cautiously, especially during rainy and misty conditions when the road can become slippery and visibility poor.

      The road surface itself is in relatively good condition (considering), but patience is advised as there are often trucks with loads making use of the pass, so have your wits about you and obey the road signs.

       

      ACTIVITIES AND ATTRACTIONS NEARBY:

      Blyde River Canyon: Explore the third largest canyon in the world, with numerous hiking trails, boat tours, and breathtaking viewpoints such as the Three Rondavels.

      Kruger National Park: One of Africa’s largest game reserves, offering unparalleled wildlife viewing experiences. The pass provides convenient access to the park’s Phalaborwa and Orpen Gates.

      Cultural Tours: Learn about the local Pedi culture through guided tours that offer insights into the region’s history, traditions, and crafts.

      Adventure Activities: For thrill-seekers, the area offers activities such as hiking, hot air ballooning quad bike safaris / trails boat cruises and so much more.

      Be sure to check out our activity page for more information

      In Closing…

      To Hoedspruit locals (and many will attest to this), the Abel Erasmus Pass is more than just a route – especially when returning from Johannesburg or a major city on business or otherwise. It’s a process of decompressing, realigning and syncing one’s heart and soul with that of the bushveld – a spiritual bonding of sorts, a tonic for the soul.

      Once you’ve passed through the Strydom Tunnel it’s as if a weight has been lifted off your shoulders, clarity of thought has returned and a sense of peace established. So, whether you’re a history buff, nature lover, or adventure enthusiast, this pass has something to offer for all. 

      Be sure to get in touch with us and we’ll gladly share the magic of the lowveld with you!